Causes of Meningitis

Meningitis is most commonly caused due to viral infections that go away on their own, without requiring any treatment. Bacterial infections are, on the other hand, extremely dangerous and may result in brain damage or even death if left untreated.
Meningitis may also be caused by certain drug allergies, fungi, tumors, chemical irritation etc.

Different types of bacteria can cause meningitis; therefore, knowing the type of bacteria involved is crucial for appropriate treatment. Neiseria meningitidis causes meningococcal meningitis, which is extremely contagious and usually occurs as outbreaks. Haemophilus influenzae, is another meningitis causing bacteria. A vaccine called HiB against this bacterium has been developed and incorporated in vaccination programs across the world.

Streptococcus pneumonia is a bacterium, commonly responsible for this condition in children. It may develop along with pneumonia, sinus or ear infection.
Listeria monocytogenes tends to affect the very young or very old, and sometimes pregnant women. Staphylococcus aureus may be observed in the body after brain surgery or a head injury. Viral meningitis is caused by several types of viruses, such as enteroviruses, mumps virus, arbovirus, herpes virus and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).